The first step to the mask is the Blackhead Remover. This is a volcanic-ash clay based mask that utilizes a blend of three different cleansing agents that have been used traditionally in Europe, Egypt and India, going back centuries before the invention of soap. The combination of the three which includes baby's breath from Europe, date seed from Egypt and Shikakai from India really work together to pull out all of the impurities and especially the blackheads from within the pores. Once the Blackhead Remover is rinsed off, your pores are now free from blackheads, but the problem is they're still open and exposed to the environment. So as soon as you start to create new sebum within your pores, it's going to come in contact with oxygen in the air and oxidize and form new blackheads. The Pore Refining Sealer is designed to create a barrier from between that new sebum and the oxygen to prevent new blackheads from forming. It does this by utilizing our Oxidation Reversal Process which is a combination of two sebum-specific antioxidants. So they're designed to prevent any oxidation from occurring between the sebum within your pores and the oxygen in the environment. The product also contains pomegranate seed oil, which is a natural astringent, which actually works to tighten the pores.